Study Title
Relative validity and reliability of a diet risk score (DRS) for clinical practice
Principal Investigator
Emily A. Johnston, Kristina S. Petersen, Jeannette M. Beasley, Tobias Krussig, Diane C. Mitchell, Linda V. Van Horn, Rick Weiss, Penny M. Kris-Etherton
Affiliation
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
- Penn State College of Medicine, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Viocare Inc, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
Start Date
Not specified in the document.
End Date
Not specified in the document.
Study Objective
To evaluate the relative validity and reliability of a 9-item diet risk score (DRS) that can be used in clinical practice to rapidly identify individuals at higher risk of cardiometabolic disease due to suboptimal dietary choices.
Short Abstract
This study validated a brief 9-item diet risk score (DRS) for assessing cardiometabolic risk in clinical practice. The DRS, designed to be a quick screening tool, was validated against the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015. The study demonstrated that the DRS could reliably identify individuals with poor diet quality in a clinical setting.
Study Design
Validation study, with participants completing both the DRS and a full food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to compare scores and assess reliability.
Population
Adults aged 35 to 75 years from a national research volunteer registry.
Sample Size
126 adults completed the study.
Inclusion Criteria
Participants aged 35 to 75 years were recruited from a national health volunteer registry.
Exclusion Criteria
Participants who reported an energy intake of less than 500 kcal/day on the FFQ were excluded.
Intervention/Exposure
Participants completed the DRS and a full FFQ in random order to validate the scoring tool.
Outcome Measures
The DRS was validated against the HEI-2015, with reliability tested by repeating the DRS within 3 months.
Funding Source
This work was supported by the American Heart Association (AHA) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH), among other funding sources.
Collaborating Institutions
Pennsylvania State University, NYU Langone Medical Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Viocare Inc.
Ethics Approval
The study was approved by the Penn State Institutional Review Board.
Publication Status
Published in BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health in October 2020.
Keywords
Diet Risk Score, Cardiometabolic Disease, Dietary Assessment, Validation, Clinical Practice
Data Collection Methods
Participants completed the DRS and a validated FFQ online via the REDCap platform.
Primary Data Availability
Data are available upon reasonable request.
Contact Information
Emily A. Johnston, Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA;