Study Title
Nutritional and Exercise-Focused Lifestyle Interventions and Glycemic Control in Women with Diabetes in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Principal Investigator
Cassy F. Dingena, Daria Arofikina, Matthew D. Campbell, Melvin J. Holmes, Eleanor M. Scott, Michael A. Zulyniak
Affiliation
University of Leeds, UK; University of Sunderland, UK
Start Date
Not specified
End Date
Not specified
Study Objective
To evaluate the effects of nutritional and exercise interventions on glycemic control in pregnant women with diabetes, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), type 1 diabetes (T1D), and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Short Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis assess the impact of dietary and exercise interventions on fasting glucose, post-prandial glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in women with diabetes during pregnancy. 26 studies (including 8 nutritional supplement, 12 dietary, and 6 exercise interventions) were included, showing significant benefits of certain interventions on fasting glucose and insulin resistance in women with GDM.
Study Design
Systematic review and meta-analysis
Population
Pregnant women diagnosed with diabetes (GDM, T1D, T2D)
Sample Size
1653 participants from 26 studies
Inclusion Criteria
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or crossover studies assessing the effects of dietary, exercise, or nutritional supplement interventions on glycemic control during pregnancy
Exclusion Criteria
Studies not focusing on diet, exercise, or nutritional supplements, those not measuring glycemic control markers, or studies on children/adolescents or women over 45 years of age
Intervention/Exposure
- Nutritional supplements (e.g., alpha-lipoic acid, probiotics, ginger, fish oil, zinc)
- Dietary interventions (e.g., low glycemic index diets, DASH diets)
- Exercise interventions (e.g., brisk walking, resistance exercise, home-based exercises)
Outcome Measures
- Fasting plasma glucose (FPG)
- Post-prandial glucose (PPG)
- HbA1c
- HOMA-IR
Funding Source
Not specified
Collaborating Institutions
University of Leeds, University of Sunderland
Ethics Approval
Not specified
Publication Status
Published in Nutrients (2023)
Keywords
Diabetes in pregnancy, gestational diabetes, nutritional interventions, exercise interventions, glycemic control, HOMA-IR
Data Collection Methods
Systematic review of RCTs and meta-analysis using RevMan software
Primary Data Availability
Not applicable
Contact Information
Michael A. Zulyniak: